What Causes Air Pollution?

This is followed by a draft discussion of attempts to control nisus pollution, responses to those attempts, and suggestions regarding alternatives that worldityity might assimilate to get itself out of very serious trouble.

II Types and Sources of ventilate Pollution.

There ar many different air pollutants and a variety of sources for them. The principal groups of pollutants are gases and particulates. Most of these pollutants cause human diseases, many of them besides have serious do on other aspects of the environment. Some of the major pollutants are discussed here. only when at that place are blows to a greater extent and many of them demonstrate the same clean-living conflict between k straightn harms and continued use as, for example, methylene group chloride. Among chemicals, it is "the just about common U.S. air pollutant and has been classified as a probable human carcinogen," yet in 1990 it was still in widespread use as a metals degreaser and paint remover (Piasecki & Asmus, 1990, p. 42). Annually, American industry still spills over 2.7 billion pounds of toxic chemicals into the atmosphere. They take on 70 "known or suspected human carcinogens," and the air in industrial areas and larger cities "typically contains a hundred different chemicals known to cause cancer or inherited mutations in experimental animals" (Steingraber, 1997, p. 179).

Among the principal gases that pollute the earth's atmosphere the most substantial are carbon dioxide, which is not directly catastrophic but adds to

Oz angiotensin converting enzyme is the most important of a number of photochemical oxidants, pollutants that "result from chemical reactions compulsive by heat and sunlight" (Romm & Ervin, 1996, p. 392). It was first identified in the 1950s as an important element of smog and is now one of the major air pollution problems. In their airlike state, sulfur oxides, another group of photochemical oxidants, can overly injure the human respiratory system (Romm and Ervin, 1996). Sulfur oxides also dissolve in water to produce acid, thus "their front line in the air turns rain into acid" (Take a trench breath, 1994, p. 92).

Goodstein, E., & Hodges, H. (1997, November). Polluted data: Overestimating environmental costs. American Prospect, pp. 64-69.

The depletion of the ozone form is one indirect effect that leads to disease. Ultraviolet, or UV, light is dangerous to human beings, plants and animals. But as this light enters the atmosphere of earth it interacts with oxygen and forms the ozone layer that prevents many of the UV rays from reaching the earth's surface. CFCs, although they are normally harmless, are affected by UV light when " distort currents sweep [them] into the ozone layer," and they begin to produce a chlorine constituent that destroys the ozone (Steingraber, 1997, p. 50). Increased levels of UV rays that get past the decreasing ozone layer are, in turn, leading to increases in melanomas, deadly skin cancers. great levels of UVs also lead to "damage to forests, cut shorts, and wildlife," which creates indirect effects on human beings as deforestation increases global warming and crop failure increases hunger and poverty (Moeller, 1992, p. 13).

The direct health effects of air pollution are enormous. Sometimes air pollutants are primarily irritants--or have traditionally been viewed that way. Ozone, for example, can cause eye, nose, pharynx and lung irritation and pain that are relatively small problems. But research increasingly shows that ozone may be a more serious threat. It ha
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